WANENE MARIYA WOLLSTONECRAFT

WANENE MARIYA WOLLSTONECRAFT



MARY WOLLSTONECRAFT (27 Afrilu 1759 – 10 Satumba 1797) marubuciya ce Bature kuma ƴar falsafa kuma mai fafutukar yancin mata. An haifi ɗa na biyu na iyali na yara bakwai, Wollstonecraft a London. Bayan mahaifinsa wanda ya sauya sheka daga sana’ar noma ya gaza kuma ya kasance mai tashin hankali, sai ya fara shan barasa cikin lokaci.

Tun da ba a kai ’yan mata makaranta a lokacin, ta koyi karatu da rubutu ta wurin wata tsohuwa mai shayarwa. Bugu da ƙari, a cikin lokacin da aka ambata, hanyar da kawai 'yan mata za su yi rayuwa shine aure kuma saboda Wollstonecraft ba ta kusa da wannan yanayin ba, ta bar gidan. Kuma yana ganin auren kudi karuwanci ne.

A wannan lokacin, ta yi kusan yawancin sana'o'in da mata za su iya yi. Ta kasance mai kula da fannoni kamar rakiyar masu hannu da shuni wajen tafiye-tafiye da ayyukansu akan farashi, zama shugabar gwamnati, koyarwa, zama shugabar makaranta, da rubutu. Dogon labarin da ta yi magana a kai a lokacin da take renon yara da kuma suna Maryamu da littattafanta mai suna Education of Girls gidan buga littattafai na Fleet Street ne suka buga. Bayan hayar Wollstonecraft, wanda tunanin mawallafin Joseph ya rinjayi, a matsayin edita, ya koyi kuma ya fassara Italiyanci, Jamusanci da Faransanci ta hanyar aikinsa.

Ya shahara a nan take a shekarar 1770, lokacin yana dan shekara talatin da daya. An yi masa lakabi da Underskirt Hyena bayan buga labarin 'Kare Hakkokin Dan Adam' akan Edmund Burke, wanda ya yi fice wajen adawa da juyin juya halin Faransa. Ta buga littafinta mai suna The Justification of the Rights of Women, wanda ya dogara ne akan ayyana 'yancin ɗan adam wanda ta kammala cikin makonni shida, ta kuma sadaukar da shi ga Talleyrand, ɗan ƙasar Faransa. A cikin wannan aiki, ya bayyana cewa mata ba su fi maza rauni a dabi'a ba, kuma suna daidai da juna, amma a hakikanin gaskiya irin wannan lamari yana faruwa ne saboda rashin ilimi da jahilci.

Wollstonecraft, macen da ke da mummunar dangantaka da Fuseli da Gilbert Imlay kuma tana da diya daga Imlay, ta auri William Godwin, wanda ta sadu da shi ta hannun mai wallafa, a 1775. Duk da haka, ta rasu bayan shekaru biyu, kwanaki goma bayan haihuwar 'yarta ta biyu. Mutuwarsa ta bar rubuce-rubuce da yawa da ba a kammala ba. 'Yarta ta biyu, wadda kowa ya sani da Mary Shelley, ta rasu jim kadan bayan haihuwar ta; Mary Wollstonecraft Godwin kuma ta bi hanyar mahaifiyarta don zama marubuci kuma ta buga Frankenstein.

Shekara guda bayan mutuwar Wollstonecraft, matarsa ​​ta wallafa wani tarihin tarihin Wollstonecraft. 20, kodayake ba da gangan ba sakamakon lalacewar sananniyar Wollstonecraft saboda wannan tarihin. Tare da bayyanar motsi na mata tare da farkon karni, ra'ayoyin marubucin ya sake haske kuma ya fara samun mahimmanci. Musamman sukar mata game da daidaituwa da fahimtar al'adar mata ta zama mai mahimmanci. Yanzu an gan shi a matsayin ɗayan tushe na falsafar mata kuma daga cikin waɗanda suka kafa ta.

Idan muka kalli tunanin marubucin, yana yiwuwa a ce yana da ra'ayi wanda zai iya kasancewa bisa tushen É—an adam mai tsattsauran ra'ayi wanda ke nufin imani da sassaucin ra'ayi da daidaito dangane da fadakarwa. Ya bayar da hujjar cewa yakamata ya sami daidaito daidai da ra'ayin mutum da sauran fannoni, musamman ilimi. A cikin ayyukansa, yana nuna sararin gida a matsayin yanki da kuma tsari na zamantakewa.

LITATTAFAI

Tunani kan Ilimin ‘Yan mata
Tabbatarwar Hakkin Mata
Ra'ayoyi na Tarihi da dabi'un juyin juya halin Faransa



Hakanan kuna iya son waÉ—annan
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