Menene harsunan harshe a Jamus? Cibiyoyin Harshen Jamus
CIGABA DA CIGABA DA HARSUNAN HARSUNAN. A cikin wannan labarin, za mu ba da bayani game da cibiyoyin yare da ke aiki a cikin Jamus. Hakanan akwai cibiyoyi kamar su a cikin Tsarin Harshen Baturke a cikin Turkiyya a cikin Jamus. Yanzu za mu ba da bayani game da cibiyoyin yare a cikin Jamus.
Der Deutsche Sprachverein
(Ƙungiyar Harshen Jamus)
Table of Contents
Ƙoƙarin tsarkakewa da harshen Jamus daga kalmomin kasashen waje sun sami sabon nauyin, musamman ma yaki na Faransa na 1870. Yawancin haka akwai wani babban abin da ya faru game da maganganun kasashen waje a kowane ɓangare na jama'a. Don ƙirƙirar wayar da kan jama'a a cikin wannan filin, A karo na farko a 1876, sun taru a wata taro don haɗa harshen Jamus zuwa ka'idoji masu ƙarfi. Friedrich Kluge yazo da harshen Jamusanci (1883) da kuma ƙananan kalmomin Jamus na 'yan'uwan Grimm (1854) sun fito a daidai lokacin guda. Dukan waɗannan nazarin, tare da kiran magajin tarihi na Jamus Hermann Riegel, masanin tarihi na tarihi; kuma an kafa Ƙungiyar Harshen Jamus a 1885.
Manufofin wannan ma'aikata suna; Don girmamawa da kuma kula da ruhun gaske na harshen Jamus, don tada fahimtar tsabta, daidaito, haɓakawa da kyau na harshen harshe da kuma haifar da sanarwa ta ƙasa ta hanyar yantar da harshen daga kalmomin kasashen waje.
Don wadannan dalilai, H.Riegel, shugaban jaridar Jamus Journal of Public Language, ya wallafa 1 Afrilu 1886, sashin kungiyar. Yayinda yake samar da wannan mujallar, an shirya abubuwan da suka dace a gaban jama'a ta hanyar motsawa daga ka'idojin harshe da kalmomi.
Kuna iya sha'awar: Kuna so ku koyi mafi sauƙi kuma mafi sauri hanyoyin samun kuɗi waɗanda babu wanda ya taɓa tunani akai? Hanyoyin asali don samun kuɗi! Bugu da ƙari, babu buƙatar babban jari! Don cikakkun bayanai CLICK HERE
25 na Ƙungiyar Harshen Jamus. 324 na da rassa a Romania, Belgium, Switzerland da Amurka kuma yana da fiye da mutane dubu talatin. Cibiyar ta kasance mafi nasara a fagen gwamnati da ilimi. Amma akwai bambancin ra'ayi tsakanin al'umman ilimi da mawallafa. U Preußische Jahrbücher "(Prussian Annals) shi ne mafi muhimmanci ga kayan aiki na juyin juya hali, ciki har da masanan harshe da marubutan kamar Theodor Fontane, Heyse, Erich Schmidt da Delbrück. Bisa ga sanarwar da magoya bayansa suka wallafa a wannan mujallar, an jaddada cewa babu yaki da kalmomin kasashen waje kuma ba a canza wannan hukunci ba. Duk da haka, ma'aikatar ta ci gaba da cigaba da ci gabanta.
Sauran ayyuka na ma'aikata sun hada da bayanan kimiyya, Litattafan Germanization (Lissafi na Al'ummar Jamus, Kasuwancin Kasuwanci, wasanni, wallafe-wallafen, wallafe-wallafen harshe na hukuma, da dai sauransu), sanarwa ga hukumomin gwamnati da ƙungiyoyi, abubuwan da ake kira "Harshe Harshe a cikin jaridu da tarurruka da aka gudanar a garuruwan Jamus. an located.
1. A cikin lokacin yakin duniya na, nazarin ilimin harshe a Jamus ya zama ra'ayi daban-daban kuma ya zama asalin kasa. Eduard Engel yana daya daga cikin manyan marubucin wannan lokaci. A cewarsa, Jamus ba a ƙara magana a Jamus ba kuma harshe yana ɓacewa a hankali. Harshen Jamusanci ya zama 'harshe haɗe' na harsuna daban-daban. (Entwelschung, Verdeutschungsbuch für Amt, Schule, Haus und Leben, 1918) A cewar Engel, yin amfani da maganganun kasashen waje shi ne cin amana.
Ƙungiyar Harshen Jamus, wanda ke goyan bayan Hitler ta zuwa iko a 1933; "Tashi har zuwa Jamus yayın yana goyon bayan National Socialists ta hanyar bayar da rubutun takarda a ƙarƙashin rubutun Uyarı Gargadi ga mutanen Jamus". A cikin wannan shekarar, ma'aikatar ta zama memba na Nazis kuma an sake maƙamin taken mujallar ta Muttersprache, Zeitschrift des Deustchen Sprachvereins tare da Berichten des Deutschen Sprachpflegeamts "(Jarida na Ƙungiyar Harshen Jamus, Labari daga Ofishin Gidan Harshen Jamus). Duk da haka, ma'aikatar, wadda aka canza ta, ta kasance daga 1943 har zuwa karshen yakin.
Die Gesellschaft Für Deutsche Sprache
(German Language Society)
Don farfado da Languageungiyar Harshen Jamusanci bayan Yaƙin Duniya na biyu, an kafa Ocak Die Gesellschaft für deutsche Sprache ”a Lünebırg, Jamus, a ƙarƙashin jagorancin Max Wachler a ranar 10 ga Janairu 1947. Bayan tattauna makasudin Al'umma, sai aka yanke hukuncin cewa za'a sake buga jaridar yayınlan Muttersprache ”(Uwar Harshe) da farko kuma za a sake buga mujallar 1949 Muttersprache - Zeitschrift zur Pflege und Erforschung der Deutschen Sprache“ yana farawa daga. Wannan ƙungiyar, ba kamar Languageungiyar Harshen Jamusanci ba, da nufin magance kalmomin kasashen waje ba wai don basa izinin ƙasashen waje ba,, amma dangane da ko sun sawa ko suna sawa.
Manufofin Ƙungiyar Harshen Jamus an taƙaita shi kamar haka:
• Taimaka wa duk wanda yake buƙatar shawara game da batutuwa
• Taimakawa wajen fahimtar muhimmancin da kuma aiki na harshe
• Tabbatar cewa harshe yana ƙauna da kuma kula da wannan ƙauna
• Ƙarfafa al'ummar ƙasar Jamus don inganta harshe da harshe
Bisa ga waɗannan manufofin, Cibiyar Yaren Jamusanci ta haɗi tare da hukumomi da sauran cibiyoyi, da aka buga ayyukan daban da kuma tarurruka da tarurruka.
Bayan 1970, Society ya ba da hankali kan ilimin harshe da harsunan zamantakewar jama'a, harshe mai kyau, harshe-harshe da manufofin harsuna da harsunan ilimin lissafi. A saboda wannan dalili, yawancin malaman harshe sun soki. Kamfanin ya mayar da martani ga waɗannan sasantawa kamar haka: 'Abu mai mahimmanci baya amfani da kalmomi ɗaya ko fiye, amma don amfani da' kalmomi masu dacewa '.
Kuna iya sha'awar: Shin yana yiwuwa a sami kuɗi akan layi? Don karanta bayanai masu ban tsoro game da samun aikace-aikacen kuɗi ta hanyar kallon tallace-tallace CLICK HERE
Kuna mamakin adadin kuɗin da za ku iya samu a kowane wata kawai ta hanyar yin wasanni tare da wayar hannu da haɗin Intanet? Don koyon wasanni yin kuɗi CLICK HERE
Kuna so ku koyi ban sha'awa da hanyoyi na gaske don samun kuɗi a gida? Ta yaya kuke samun kuɗi aiki daga gida? Don koyi CLICK HERE
Cibiyar Nazarin Für Deutsche Sprache
(Cibiyar Harshen Jamus)
An kafa Cibiyar Harshen Jamus (IDS) a 1969 a Mannheim, Jamus. Ba kamar al'umman harsuna ba har yanzu, masana kimiyya sun kafa wannan ginin da suka yi nasara a cikin ilimin harshe da tarihin harshe: Paul Grebe, Rudolf Hotenköcherle, Karl Kurt Klein, Richard Hensen, Jost Trier, Leo Weisgeber da Hugo Moser.
Babban wuraren bincike na Cibiyar Harshen Jamus:
1. Grammar da Dictionary sashe: A cikin wannan ɓangaren, ana aiwatar da tsarin harshe da ƙamus na ƙungiyoyi daban-daban.
2. Harshen Magana: A cikin wannan sashe, ana gudanar da ayyukan don kwatanta Jamusanci tare da wasu harsuna.
3. Ma'aikatar Bayanan Harkokin Lantarki: Ana gudanar da nazarin ilimin Lissafi a cikin wannan sashen.
4. Tsakiyar Tsakiyar: Sashen da ke magance sake fasalin rubutun da kuma ingantaccen harshe.
Wasu daga cikin ayyukan Cibiyar Harshen Jamus;
Sprache der Gegenwart (Contemporary German),
Linguistische Grundlagen, Forschungen des IDS,
Forschungsberichte des IDS (Rahoton Nazarin Kimiyya na Cibiyar Yaren Jamus),
Studien zur deustchen Grammatik (Nazarin Grammar Grammar Jamus),
Deutsche Sprache (Jaridar Jamusanci),
GERMANISTIK wani jarida ne wanda ya gabatar da dukkan ayyukan da aka buga a fagen harshen Jamus da litattafan.
A cewar Hugo Moser, Cibiyar Harshen Jamus tana da sha'awar binciken da ya danganci "Linguistics ve, kuma ba shi da wani aiki da ya dace.
A bayyane; ƙuntatawa da halaye na al'ada da aka bayyana a cikin tarihi ba su da wani sakamako mai kyau. A wannan lokaci, Cibiyar Harshen Jamus ta ɗauki darasi mai kyau daga tarihin kwanan nan kuma ya zaɓi kada ya shiga cikin irin wannan kokarin kuma yana aiki.
Kuna iya rubuta kowace tambaya da tsokaci game da darussanmu na Jamusanci akan dandalin almancax. Duk tambayoyinku za a amsa su ta malamai almancax.